Valley Fever, also known as coccidioidomycosis, is an infection caused by inhaling spores of the Coccidioides fungus, typically found in the soil of the southwestern United States. Although it primarily affects the lungs, this fungal infection can have a profound impact on your overall health, including your dental health. As this disease progresses, it may lead to a series of oral complications that should not be overlooked. 

In this blog, we will explore how Valley Fever can affect your dental health and why it’s essential to be aware of these potential risks.

What is Valley Fever?

Valley Fever is a respiratory illness caused by the inhalation of spores from the Coccidioides fungus, which thrives in the dry, dusty soil of arid regions. The infection often starts with symptoms that resemble those of the flu, such as fever, fatigue, cough, and body aches. In some cases, Valley Fever can lead to severe complications, including pneumonia, chronic lung problems, or even spread to other parts of the body.

While the disease predominantly affects the lungs, it can also cause secondary issues that impact other systems of the body, including the oral cavity. One of the most overlooked aspects of Valley Fever is its potential to affect dental health.

How Does Valley Fever Affect Dental Health?

1. Dry Mouth (Xerostomia)

One of the first signs of Valley Fever can be a dry mouth, or xerostomia. This condition occurs when the salivary glands do not produce enough saliva. Valley Fever can lead to systemic dehydration, especially when combined with the fever and respiratory symptoms. Dehydration reduces the amount of saliva in the mouth, which is essential for maintaining oral health by preventing bacteria growth, neutralizing acids, and aiding in digestion.

Dry mouth caused by Valley Fever can lead to:

• Increased risk of cavities: Without sufficient saliva, the protective barrier on your teeth diminishes, making them more susceptible to decay.
• Gum disease: Lack of saliva promotes the growth of harmful bacteria in the mouth, contributing to gingivitis and periodontal disease.
• Difficulty speaking and swallowing: A dry mouth can cause discomfort while talking or eating, which may affect overall oral health.

2. Oral Sores and Ulcers

People with Valley Fever may develop oral sores or ulcers due to the immune system’s reaction to the fungal infection. These sores typically occur on the inside of the cheeks, gums, or tongue and can cause pain and discomfort, making it difficult to chew or speak.

In some cases, the sores can become infected, worsening the overall condition of the mouth. If left untreated, oral ulcers can lead to further complications, such as secondary infections or chronic pain. Oral ulcers related to Valley Fever may also become recurrent, further affecting your quality of life.

3. Fungal Infections in the Mouth

While Coccidioides primarily causes respiratory issues, it can also spread to other parts of the body, including the oral cavity. In rare cases, fungal infections can directly affect the gums, tongue, or even the jawbones. This is more common in individuals with weakened immune systems or severe, untreated Valley Fever.

Fungal infections in the mouth may manifest as:

• White patches on the tongue or inside the cheeks
• Gum inflammation and pain
• Difficulty chewing due to swelling or infection in the jaw

A fungal infection in the mouth is especially concerning as it can lead to deeper systemic infections and may require antifungal treatment.

4. Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Dysfunction

In severe cases, Valley Fever can lead to complications involving the jaw joint, also known as the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). This condition can result from the spread of the infection to the bones of the face and jaw, leading to inflammation and dysfunction of the TMJ.

Symptoms of TMJ dysfunction due to Valley Fever may include:

• Jaw pain or discomfort
• Difficulty opening or closing the mouth
• Clicking or popping sounds when moving the jaw

TMJ dysfunction can have a significant impact on daily activities such as speaking, eating, or even sleeping. Proper treatment is essential to alleviate discomfort and prevent further complications.

5. Tooth Loss

In rare and severe cases, Valley Fever can result in tooth loss. This can occur when the infection spreads to the bones of the jaw or the surrounding tissues, leading to weakened structures that support the teeth. The risk of tooth loss is highest in individuals who have an untreated or chronic form of Valley Fever, as the immune system may become overwhelmed by the ongoing infection.

Preventing Valley Fever-Related Dental Issues

If you live in an area where Valley Fever is common, or if you’ve recently been diagnosed with the disease, it’s essential to take preventive steps to protect your dental health. Here are some tips to help you minimize the risk of oral health complications:

Prevention Tips	How It Helps
Stay Hydrated	Reduces the risk of dry mouth and helps maintain saliva production.
Use a Humidifier	Adds moisture to the air, preventing excessive dryness in the mouth.
Practice Good Oral Hygiene	Brush and floss regularly to prevent plaque buildup and tooth decay.
Visit Your Dentist Regularly	Routine dental check-ups can detect issues early, including gum disease and fungal infections.
Avoid Smoking and Alcohol	Smoking and excessive alcohol use can further dry out your mouth and hinder healing.

By following these steps, you can help reduce the negative effects of Valley Fever on your oral health and prevent more serious complications.

When to Seek Professional Care

If you’re experiencing symptoms of Valley Fever, it’s important to seek professional medical advice as soon as possible. A healthcare provider can help you manage the infection and minimize complications. Likewise, if you notice any signs of dental issues, such as dry mouth, oral ulcers, or jaw pain, it’s crucial to visit your dentist promptly.

If you’ve been diagnosed with Valley Fever and are concerned about its impact on your oral health, Ramlaoui, D.D.S. can provide expert care and advice. With our comprehensive approach, we’ll work with you to manage both your respiratory and dental health for a healthier, more comfortable life.

Summing it Up

Valley Fever is not just a respiratory illness, it can also have serious implications for your dental health. From dry mouth and oral sores to fungal infections and TMJ dysfunction, the effects of this disease on your mouth are significant. By staying hydrated, maintaining proper oral hygiene, and seeking timely professional care, you can help minimize the oral complications associated with Valley Fever. 

If you’re experiencing any oral health issues related to Valley Fever, Ramlaoui, D.D.S. is here to provide the support and care you need to maintain your dental health and overall well-being.